Diversity and Abundance of Insects in Wukari, Taraba State, Nigeria

A field survey was conducted in Wukari, Taraba State to assess the diversity and abundance of insect species in selected habitats (residential, open field made up of grassland and an agroecosystem). Sampling were done biweekly using light, pitfall and yellow pan traps set in 3 replicates, 30 m apart. Insects recovered were wet preserved in 70% ethanol except butterflies and moths. Representative samples were taken to the Insect Museum of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria for identification. A total of 4,501 insects spread across 9 orders, 34 families and 77 species were recovered. The most dominant order was Coleoptera with a relative abundance of (44.41%) and, the least was Orthoptera (0.84%). The most dominant insect species were Heteronychus mossambicus (11.44%) followed by Termes sp. (7.77%) and, Goryphus sp. (7.71%). Chlaenius dusaulti, Cheilomenes sulphurea, Copris sp., Cicindela sp., Pseudantheraea sp., Derobranchus germinatus, Glaurocara townsendi, Camponotus perrisi, and Gryllus bimaculatus were the rare species with relative abundance of 0.02%. Species richness is based on number of individual insects measured. The highest species diversity was observed in the order Coleoptera (Shanon H’= 2.547) while, Isoptera was the least (H’= 0.00). However, the highest species evenness was observed in the order Isoptera (E’= 1.00). Fisher-alpha (α) index of diversity showed that the agroecosystem had the highest index of diversity (α = 14.24) while, the residential area had the least (α = 11.9). This study therefore, brings to the fore the diversity and abundance of insects in Wukari and underscores the need for sustainable actions to be taken in conserving beneficial rare species while, managing the abundant pestiferous ones.